Commonly used composite materials are made of glass fiber and other low performance reinforcement and common polymers (resins). Due to its product easy shape, high-end quality, low price and other advantages to vigorously develop, FRP products composite materials have been widely used in decoration, crafts, ships, vehicles, chemical pipelines and storage tanks, building structures and other aspects.
What is composite material? Performance characteristics and applications
Advanced composite materials refer to the composite materials composed of high-performance reinforcement such as carbon fiber, aramong and high-performance heat-resistant polymers, and later metal base, ceramic base and carbon (graphite) base and functional composite materials are included. Although their performance is excellent, but the price is relatively high, mainly used in the defense industry, aerospace, precision machinery, deep submarine, robot structural parts and so on.
Among the composite materials, fiber reinforced materials are the most widely used and the most used. It is characterized by small specific gravity, large specific strength and large specific modulus. For example, carbon fiber and epoxy resin composite materials, its specific strength and specific modulus are several times greater than steel and aluminum alloy, but also has excellent chemical stability, anti-friction wear, self-lubrication, heat resistance, fatigue resistance, creep resistance, noise, electrical insulation and other properties. The composite of graphite fiber and resin can produce a material with a thermal expansion coefficient almost equal to zero. Another characteristic of fiber reinforced materials is anisotropy, so the arrangement of fibers can be designed according to the strength requirements of different parts of the part. The aluminum matrix composite reinforced with carbon fiber and silicon carbide fiber can still maintain sufficient strength and modulus at 500℃. Silicon carbide fiber and titanium composite, not only titanium heat resistance improved, and wear resistance, can be used as engine fan blades. The silicon carbide fiber is combined with ceramic, and the service temperature can reach 1500 ° C, which is much higher than the service temperature of super alloy turbine blades (1100 ° C). Carbon fiber reinforced carbon, graphite fiber reinforced carbon, or graphite fiber reinforced graphite, constitute ablative materials that have been used in spacecraft, rocket missiles, and nuclear power reactors. Because of its low density, non-metallic composite materials can be used in automobiles and aircraft to reduce weight, improve speed and save energy. A composite spring made of carbon fiber and glass fiber has the same stiffness and load-bearing capacity as a steel spring that is more than 5 times larger in weight.
